Medications

Most people with high blood pressure need two or more medications, as well as lifestyle changes, to lower their blood pressure. However, many medicines for high blood pressure need to be taken just once a day. There are also many tablets that contain two medicines in combination.

Many medications that lower blood pressure prevent heart attacks and strokes. All medications reduce blood pressure by the same amount on average, but some people have better results with one drug rather than others. When you start taking medicine for high blood pressure, it may take up to six weeks for your blood pressure to respond. On average, most blood pressure medications cause few side effects. However, all medications have rare, but serious side effects. If you feel unwell after starting a new medication, talk to your doctor or pharmacist. If you have to take two or more medications to control your blood pressure your doctor will help you find the best combination. This may take time so be patient and remember: blood pressure medications are for life!

IF YOU TAKE MEDICATION FOR HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE

• Take your medications regularly and as instructed.
• Place your medication next to an item that you use at the same time every day, for example, the cup or bowl you use for breakfast. This will help you to remember to take your medication.
• Call your doctor or pharmacist if you feel unwell after starting a new medication.
• Tell your pharmacist and your doctor if you are having trouble remembering to take your medication. They may be able to help.
• If you take other medications, consider purchasing a “dossette”, or asking your pharmacist about “blister packs” to organize your medications.

HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE MEDICATIONS

• Decrease your risk of death or disability.
• Usually do not change how you feel (better or worse).
• Usually need to be combined to control your blood pressure adequately.
• Are usually taken for life.
• Should be continued even when you feel well.

TYPES OF HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE MEDICATION

Diuretics – sometimes called “water pills” – prevent heart attacks and strokes. Many people with diabetes or kidney disease take diuretics. Hydrochlorothiazide and furosemide are examples of commonly prescribed diuretics.

Beta-blockers prevent heart attacks and strokes in people younger than 60. Beta blockers are very important medicines that are commonly used in patients with heart disease.

“ACE inhibitors” (Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors) prevent heart attacks and strokes. ACE Inhibitors are commonly used in patients who have hypertension and heart disease. They are also recommended for people with diabetes or kidney disease.

ARBs (Angiotensin receptor blockers) prevent heart attacks and strokes. ARBs are often recommended for people with diabetes or kidney disease.

CCBs (Calcium channel blockers) prevent heart attacks and strokes.

Direct Renin Inhibitors- In 2007, the first direct renin inhibitor (aliskiren) was approved for use in Canada. Aliskiren lowers blood pressure to a similar extent as other antihypertensive drugs but studies to examine its effectiveness at preventing heart disease and strokes are not yet complete.